{"id":1823,"date":"2013-06-25T18:31:20","date_gmt":"2013-06-25T16:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/?p=1823"},"modified":"2023-11-20T19:54:16","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T17:54:16","slug":"32-%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%80%d1%83%d1%81%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%85-%d0%b3%d0%be%d1%81%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/1823","title":{"rendered":"32. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430  \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445  \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u00a0\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u00a0\u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439, \u00a0\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u00a0\u0432 \u00a0\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00a0\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><br \/>\n\u041a\u043d\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044f<br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong>1) \u0420\u044e\u0440\u0438\u043a, \u0432 \u00a0\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u00a0 \u00a0862\u2014 879 \u0433.<br \/>\n2) \u0412\u0435\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u0433, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 879\u2014 912 \u0433.<br \/>\n3) \u0418\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 912\u2014 945 \u0433.<br \/>\n4) \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0430\u044f \u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 945\u2014 957 \u0433.<br \/>\n5) \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 957\u2014 972 \u0433.<br \/>\n6) \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u00a0\u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 980\u20141015 \u0433.<br \/>\n7) \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a \u00a0\u041e\u043a\u0430\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1015\u20141019 \u0433.<br \/>\n8) \u042f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u0443\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 \u00a01019\u20141054 \u0433.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044f<br \/>\n<\/strong>9) \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445 , \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1113\u20141125 \u0433.<br \/>\n10) \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0411\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u043b\u044f\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435 1169\u20141174 \u0433.<br \/>\n11) \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u00a0\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u04351 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u043b\u044f\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435 1252\u20141263 \u0433.<br \/>\n12) \u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u043d \u00a0\u0414\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u00a0\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1828\u20141340 \u0433.<br \/>\n13) \u0414\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1362\u20141389 \u0433.<br \/>\n14) \u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u043d \u00a0III \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 , \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1462\u20141505 \u0433.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0426\u0430\u0440\u0438 <\/strong>\u2014 \u0441 \u00a01547 \u0433.<br \/>\n15) \u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u043d \u00a0IV \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1533\u20141584 \u0433.<br \/>\n16) \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u00a0\u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 , \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1584\u20141598 \u0433.<br \/>\n17) \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u00a0\u0413\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 , \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1598\u20141605 \u0433.<br \/>\n18) \u041b\u0436\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 I, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1605\u20141606 \u0433.<br \/>\n19) \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0428\u0443\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1606\u20141610 \u0433.<br \/>\n20) \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u00a0\u0424\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u00a0\u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1613\u20141645 \u0433.<br \/>\n21) \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1645\u20141676 \u0433.<br \/>\n22) \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u00a0\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 , \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 1676\u20141682 \u0433.<br \/>\n23) \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u044c\u044f, \u0432 \u00a0\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435\u00a0 1682\u20141689 \u0433.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/strong> (\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u00a0\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0441 \u00a01703\u0433.)<br \/>\n24) \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u00a0\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00a0 \u00a01682\u20141725 \u0433.<br \/>\n25) \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 I\u00a0 1725\u20141727 \u0433.<br \/>\n26) \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u00a0II \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0 1727\u20141730 \u0433.<br \/>\n27) \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u00a0 1730\u20141740 \u0433.<br \/>\n28) \u0415\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u00a0 1741\u20141761 \u0433.<br \/>\n29) \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u00a0III \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0 1761\u20141762 \u0433.<br \/>\n30) \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 II \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044f\u00a0 1762\u20141796 \u0433.<br \/>\n31) \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u00a0\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0 1796\u20141801 \u0433.<br \/>\n32) \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u00a0\u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u00a0\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00a0 1801\u20141825 \u0433.<br \/>\n33) \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0 1825\u20141855 \u0433.<br \/>\n34) \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u00a0II \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u00a0(\u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c) 1855\u20141881 \u0433.<br \/>\n35) \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u00a0III \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 1881\u20141894 \u0433.<br \/>\n36) \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 II \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0 \u0441 \u00a020 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1894 \u0433.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/1504\">https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/1504<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u00a0\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u00a0\u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439, \u00a0\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u00a0\u0432 \u00a0\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00a0\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u041a\u043d\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044f 1) \u0420\u044e\u0440\u0438\u043a, \u0432 \u00a0\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u00a0 \u00a0862\u2014 879 \u0433. 2) \u0412\u0435\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u0433, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 879\u2014 912 \u0433. 3) \u0418\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c, \u0432 \u00a0\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0435\u00a0 912\u2014 945 \u0433. 4) \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0430\u044f \u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430, \u0432 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/1823\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1272],"tags":[1288],"class_list":["post-1823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1272","tag-1288"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1823","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1823"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1823\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12247,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1823\/revisions\/12247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}